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http://www.iasp-pain.org/AM/AMTemplate.cfm?Section=HOME&TEMPLATE=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&SECTION=HOME&ConTENTID=13348
Acupuncture for Pain No Be-tter Than Placebo and Not Without Harm
According to New Study Published in PAIN¢ç
ħ¼úÀº Çöó½Ãº¸ º¸´Ù ³´Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç ¹«ÇØÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê´Ù.
Philadelphia, PA, March 23, 2011 – Although acupuncture is commonly used for pain control, doubts about its effectiveness and safety remain. Investigators from the Universities of Exeter & Plymouth (Exeter, UK) and the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (Daejeon, South Korea) critically evaluated systematic reviews of acupuncture as a treatment of pain in order to explore this question. Reporting in the April 2011 issue of PAIN¢ç, they conclude that numerous systematic reviews have generated little truly convincing evidence that acupuncture is effective in reducing pain, and serious adverse effects continue to be reported.
ÅëÁõ °ü¸®¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ Ä§¼úÀÌ º¸ÆíÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ°í´Â ÀÖÀ¸³ª ±× È¿°ú¿Í ¾ÈÀü¼º¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â ¾ÆÁ÷ Àǹ®ÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Ù. Exeter ´ëÇаú Çѱ¹ ÇÑÀÇÇבּ¸¿øÀÇ Á¶»çÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÌ Àǹ®À» Ž»çÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÅëÁõ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ä§¼úÀÇ systematic reviewµéÀ» Æò°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. PAINÁö 4¿ùÈ£¿¡ º¸°íµÈ ¹Ù¿¡ µû¸£¸é ¼ö¸¹Àº systematic reviewÀ» º¸¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ħ¼úÀÌ ÅëÁõ °¨¼Ò¿¡ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù´Â È®½ÇÇÑ Áõ°Å´Â °ÅÀÇ ¾øÀ¸¸ç ½É°¢ÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ °è¼Ó ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ¿Ô´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.
¡°Many systematic reviews of acupuncture for pain management are available, yet they only support few indications, and contradictions abound,¡± commented lead investigator Professor Edzard Ernst, MD, PhD, Laing Chair in Complementary Medicine, Peninsula Medical School, Universities of Exeter & Plymouth, UK. ¡°Acupuncture remains associated with serious adverse effects. One might argue that, in view of the popularity of acupuncture, the number of serious adverse effects is minute. We would counter, however, that even one avoidable adverse event is one too many. The key to making progress would be to train all acupuncturists to a high level of competency.¡±
"ħ¼úÀÇ ÅëÁõ °ü¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸¹Àº systematic review°¡ ÀÖÁö¸¸, °ÅÀÇ Áõ°Å¸¦ ÁöÁöÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¸ç ¸ð¼øÁ¡µµ ¸¹´Ù" ¶ó°í Exeter ´ëÇÐÀÇ Edzard Ernst ±³¼ö°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù. "ħ¼úÀº ½É°¢ÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ë°úµµ °áºÎµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¶² »ç¶÷µéÀº ħ¼úÀÇ Àα⸦ °í·ÁÇÑ´Ù¸é ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÇ °Ç¼ö´Â ÀÛ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¿ì¸®´Â ÇÇÇØ°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ºÎÀÛ¿ë ÇÑ°ÇÀº ³Ê¹«³ª ¸¹Àº ÇÑ °ÇÀ̶ó°í ¹Ý¹ÚÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ħ¼úÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀ» ÇâÇÑ ¿¼è´Â ¸ðµç ħ±¸»çµéÀ» °ÇÑ °æÀï·ÂÀ» °¡Áöµµ·Ï ÈƷýÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù"
Researchers carefully identified and critically examined systematic reviews of acupuncture studies for pain relief and case reviews reporting adverse effects. Reviews were defined as systematic if they included an explicit Methods section describing the search strategy and inclusion/exclusion criteria. Systematic reviews had to focus on the effectiveness of any type of acupuncture for pain. Of the 266
articles found, 56 were categorized as acceptable systematic reviews.
¿¬±¸ÀÚµéÀº ħ¼úÀ» ÅëÇÑ ÅëÁõ ¿ÏÈ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ systematics reviewµé°ú ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ º¸°íµÈ ÄÉÀ̽º reviewµéÀ» ÁÖÀDZí°Ô ¸ð¾Æ ºñÆÇÀûÀ¸·Î ºÐ¼®Çß´Ù. ¸®ºäµé Áß¿¡¼ ¿¬±¸ °Ë»ö Àü·«°ú Æ÷ÇÔ/ºÒÆ÷ÇÔ ±âÁØÀÌ ¸íÈ®È÷ method ¼½¼Ç¿¡ ¼³¸íµÈ ³í¹®µéÀº systematic review Á¤ÀǵǾú´Ù. Systematic review´Â ¾î¶°ÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ÅëÁõÀÌµç ±× È¿°ú¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÁýÁßÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Àüü 266°³ÀÇ ³í¹® Áß¿¡¼ 56°³°¡ systematic review·Î ¼±Á¤µÇ¾ú´Ù.
The authors observe that recent results from high-quality random-ized controlled trials have shown that various forms of acupuncture, including so-called "sham acupuncture," during which no needles actually penetrate the skin, are equally effective for chronic low back pain, and more effective than standard care. In these and other studies, the effects were attributed to such factors as therapist conviction, patient enthusiasm or the acupuncturist's communication style.
ÀúÀÚµéÀº ÃÖ±Ù »õ·Î¿î ÇüÅÂÀÇ Ä§, Áï ½ÇÁ¦·Î »ì°¯À» Åë°úÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â À̸¥¹Ù "°¡Â¥ ħ(sham acupuncture)"À» »ç¿ëÇÑ RCT ¿¬±¸ °á°ú¿¡¼, ÀÌ °¡Â¥ ħÀÌ ¿äÅë¿¡ ´ëÇØ (ÁøÂ¥ ħ°ú) µ¿ÀÏÇÑ È¿°ú¸¦ ³»¸ç, Ç¥ÁØÀÇ Ä¡·á¹ý º¸´Ù ÁÁÀº È¿°ú¸¦ º¸Àδٴ °á°ú¸¦ °üÂûÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¬±¸°ú ´Ù¸¥ ¿¬±¸µé¿¡¼ ±× È¿°ú´Â ½Ã¼úÀÚÀÇ È®½Å, ȯÀÚÀÇ ¿¸Á ¶Ç´Â ħ±¸»çÀÇ ´ëÈ ½ºÅ¸ÀÏ °°Àº ¸î¸î ¿ä¼Ò ´öºÐÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù.
If even sham acupuncture is as good as or be-tter than standard care, then what is the harm? The answer lies in the adverse effect case studies. These studies were grouped into three categories: Infection (38 cases), trauma (42 cases) and other adverse effects (13 cases). Many of these adverse side effects are not intrinsic to acupuncture, but rather result from malpractice of acupuncturists. The most frequently reported complications included pneumothorax, (penetration of the thorax) and bacterial and viral infections. Five patients died after their treatment.
¸¸ÀÏ °¡Â¥Ä§ÀÌ Ç¥ÁØÀû Ä¡·á¿Í ºñ½ÁÇϰųª ´õ ÁÁ´Ù¸é, ¹«¾ùÀÌ ÇØ·Î¿î °ÍÀϱî? ±× ´ë´äÀº ºÎÀÛ¿ë ÄÉÀ̽º ¿¬±¸¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ºÎÀÛ¿ë ¿¬±¸´Â ¼¼ °³ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π±¸ºÐÁö¾îÁ³´Ù: °¨¿° (38 case), ¿Ü»ó (42 case) ¹× ±âŸ (13 case). ÀÌ Áß ¸¹Àº ¼ö°¡ ħ¼ú °íÀ¯ÀÇ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ħ±¸ÀÚÀÇ À߸øµÈ ½Ã¼ú·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿Â °á°ú¿´´Ù. °¡Àå ºó¹øÈ÷ º¸°íµÈ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀº ±âÈä, ¹ÚÅ׸®¾Æ ¹× ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º °¨¿°À̾ú´Ù. 5¸íÀÇ È¯ÀÚ°¡ Ä¡·á Áß »ç¸ÁÇÏ¿´´Ù.
In an accompanying commentary, Harriet Hall, MD, states her position forcefully: "Importantly, when a treatment is truly effective, studies tend to produce more convincing results as time passes and the weight of evidence accumulates. When a treatment is extensively studied for decades and the evidence continues to be inconsistent, it becomes more and more likely that the treatment is not truly effective. This
appears to be the case for acupuncture. In fact, taken as a whole, the published (and scientifically rigorous) evidence leads to the conclusion that acupuncture is no more effective than placebo."
µ¿¹ÝµÈ ÄÚ¸àÆ®¿¡¼ Harriet HallÀº ±×³àÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀ» ´ÜÈ£ÇÏ°Ô ¹àÇû´Ù. "Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº, ¾î¶°ÇÑ Ä¡·á¹ýÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦·Î È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é, ¿¬±¸µéÀÌ ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ µû¶ó Á» ´õ ¼³µæ·Â ÀÖ´Â °á°ú¸¦ »ý»êÇÏ°í ±× Áõ°ÅÀÇ ¹«°Ô°¡ ½×¿©³ª°¡´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾î¶² Ä¡·á¹ýÀÌ ¼ö½Ê³â°£ ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÏ°Ô ¿¬±¸µÇ¾ú´Âµ¥ ±× Áõ°Å°¡ °è¼Ó ÀÏ°ü¼ºÀÌ ¾ø´Ù¸é, ±× Ä¡·á°¡ Á¤¸»·Î È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ò °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Á¡Á¡ ³ô¾ÆÁý´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ħ¼ú¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ³ªÅ¸³³´Ï´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î, ÀüüÀûÀ¸·Î º¸¾ÒÀ» ¶§, ÃâÆÇµÈ (±×¸®°í °úÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ö°ÝÇÑ) Áõ°Å´Â ħ¼úÀÌ Çöó½Ãº¸ ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â °á·ÐÀ¸·Î À̲ø¾î ÁÝ´Ï´Ù."
The article is ¡°Acupuncture: Does it alleviate pain and are there serious risks? A review of reviews¡± by E.
Ernst, Myeong Soo Lee and Tae-Young Choi (DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2010.11.004). The accompanying
commentary is "Acupuncture¡¯s claims punctured: Not proven effective for pain, not harmless" by Harriet
Hall, MD (DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.01.039). Both appear in PAIN¢ç, Volume 152, Issue 4 (April 2011)
published by Elsevier.